Sinus Allergy

Nose allergy, also known as allergic rhinitis, is a common condition that affects both children and adults. In Singapore, it is common referred to as ‘sinus’ disease. It occurs when the immune system overreacts to allergens—substances that are usually harmless, such as dust, pollen, or pet dander. This overreaction causes inflammation inside the nose and leads to a variety of bothersome symptoms.

Causes of Allergic Rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis can be triggered by a wide range of allergens. Common causes include:

Dust mites, mould spores, and animal dander (perennial allergic rhinitis)
Pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds (seasonal allergic rhinitis or “hay fever”)
Air pollution or strong odours like cigarette smoke or perfumes (non-allergic rhinitis may also be triggered)

Due to our tropical hot and humid weather, allergy to house dust mites is the most common cause of allergic rhinitis in Singapore.

When a person with allergies breathes in these allergens, their immune system releases chemicals such as histamine, leading to allergic symptoms.

Symptoms and Signs to Look Out For

Common symptoms of allergic rhinitis include:

Sneezing, especially in bursts
Runny nose or clear nasal discharge
Blocked or congested nose
Itchy nose, throat, or eyes
Watery, red, or puffy eyes (allergic conjunctivitis)
Postnasal drip (mucus dripping down the throat)
Cough, especially at night
Fatigue, poor sleep, or reduced concentration (due to nasal blockage)

In children, it may also cause mouth breathing, snoring, and a constant need to rub the nose (known as the “allergic salute”).

Common Treatments

Managing allergic rhinitis involves a combination of avoiding triggers, medications, and in some cases, immunotherapy:

Avoidance of allergens

Medications

Antihistamines (e.g. loratadine, cetirizine) help relieve sneezing and itching.
Nasal steroid sprays (e.g. fluticasone, mometasone) reduce inflammation and congestion.
Decongestants (short-term use only) can relieve blocked nose.
Saline nasal sprays or rinses help wash out allergens and keep the nose moist.

Allergen Immunotherapy

Allergen immunotherapy (allergy shots or tablets) may be recommended for long-term relief, especially for severe or persistent allergies.

When to See an ENT Specialist

You should consider seeing an ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat) specialist if:

Symptoms persist despite using medications.
You have frequent sinus infections or nosebleeds.
There is significant nasal blockage or loss of smell.
Allergies are affecting sleep, school, or work performance.
You suspect structural problems in the nose (e.g. deviated septum or enlarged turbinates).

When Surgery May Be Needed

Surgery is not typically the first step in treating allergic rhinitis, but it may be considered if:

There are nasal polyps or structural abnormalities like a deviated septum contributing to chronic symptoms.
Medical treatment is not effective in relieving nasal blockage.
You experience chronic sinusitis that does not respond to medication.

Common surgical options include turbinate reduction, septoplasty, or endoscopic sinus surgery to improve airflow and drainage.

In conclusion, allergic rhinitis is a manageable condition with proper diagnosis, avoidance of triggers, and the right treatment plan. If symptoms are persistent or affecting your quality of life, consult an ENT specialist for further evaluation and care.

Struggling with nasal or sinus issues? We are here to help you find relief. A nasal endoscopy can quickly diagnose and address your concerns, providing a clear path to better health. Contact us today to schedule your nasoendoscopy and take the first step towards breathing easier and feeling better.

Your well-being is our top priority — contact us today and let our experienced ENT doctor guides you to a healthier, more comfortable life.

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